Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
Landfill Waste Biochar Adsorbents For Organic Contaminant Removal In Landfill Leachate 公开 Deposited
- Abstract
Landfill leachate is frequently contaminated with organic compounds, which can have significant impacts on human and ecological health. Activated carbon is a common solution for removing organic contaminants, but it can be prohibitively expensive, especially due to competition from dissolved organic matter (DOM) in landfill leachate. Biochar is an inexpensive alternative, but generally has a lower performance compared to activated carbon. To evaluate whether biochar is feasible for landfill leachate treatment, seven landfill-bound feedstocks were chosen to represent common municipal solid waste (MSW) categories. These feedstocks were pyrolyzed and then tested in three-hour batch experiments. A feedstock of each category was also subjected to ash-pretreatment and a double-heating post-treatment to improve biochar performance. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) was used to compare performance. Real and synthetic landfill leachates were used as background matrices for batch tests, and nitrobenzene and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4D) were used as representative organic compounds. Relationships between feedstocks, biochar characteristics, treatments, representative compounds, and background matrix were evaluated. Pine needles and paper biochars performed the best of the untreated biochars for both compounds and background matrices, while coffee performed the worst. In general, nitrobenzene was removed significantly more than 2,4D at the same biochar doses, but biochar treatments improved 2,4D removal more than nitrobenzene removal. Biochars performed better in synthetic leachate than real leachate due to fewer micropollutants in synthetic and possibility due to lower competition from DOM. Pine needles, wood, orange, and coffee biochars were less susceptible to competition in real leachate compared to the other biochars. In general, the treated biochars performed better than untreated biochars, and ash-pretreated biochars performed better than double-heated biochars. Overall, the best performing biochar was ash-wood biochar, which required a 50% nitrobenzene removal dose that was only 3.8 times larger than PAC’s 50% nitrobenzene removal dose. This work shows that biochars produced from MSW materials, with help from biochar treatments, may be an effective and sustainable option for landfill leachate organic contaminant removal systems.
- Creator
- Date Issued
- 2019-06-18
- Academic Affiliation
- Advisor
- Committee Member
- Degree Grantor
- Commencement Year
- Subject
- Publisher
- 最新修改
- 2021-03-01
- Resource Type
- 权利声明
- Language