Introduction for Module 14 – Solid State

Textbook: Open Stax Chemistry 2e

Suggested Reading: Chapter 10.5-10.6

Learning Objectives:

• Describe the main types of crystalline solids: ionic solids, metallic solids, covalent network solids, and molecular solids
• Describe the arrangement of atoms and ions in crystalline structures
• Compute ionic radii using unit cell dimensions
• Explain the use of X-ray diffraction measurements in determining crystalline structures

Captions and Attributions: 

• The simple cubic cell is defined by only a single atom at all 8 corners of a cubic cell. Figure 10.49 A simple cubic lattice unit by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
• Many types of unit cells exist, with a wide range of shapes and geometric restrictions. Figure 10.56 There are seven different lattice systems by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
• A body centered cubic (BCC) structure features an atom at the center in addition to atoms at the corners. Figure 10.51 In a body-centered cubic structure by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
• A face centered cubic (FCC) structure features atoms on each face in addition to atoms at the corners. Figure 10.52 A face-centered cubic solid by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
• X-Ray crystalography can use the properties of electromagnetic ratioation to determine the exact structure of an ionic compound. Figure 10.65 (a) In a diffractometer by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
• Three cubic unit cell structures are compared. Figure 10.50 Cubic unit cells of metals by OpenStax is licensed under CC BY 4.0.