Undergraduate Honors Thesis

 

Electronic State-Resolved Evaporation Dynamics of Gallium Molten Metal Public Deposited

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https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/undergraduate_honors_theses/nk322f82x
Abstract

  • The gas-liquid interface represents a fascinating, albeit challenging, environment
    essential to understanding a wide range of atmospheric, chemical, and biological
    processes. This paper focuses on a relatively simple model system: quantum state
    resolved evaporation of metal atoms from the gas-molten metal interface. In particular,
    we combine hot molten metal crucibles in high vacuum (10-8 Torr) with high sensitivity
    laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) obtained from atoms in an Nd:YAG pumped-frequency
    tripled dye laser/photomultiplier (PMT) detection system. Specifically, we probe both
    ground and spin-orbit excited Ga(2P1/2 and 2P3/2) atoms evaporating from molten Ga
    metal as a function of temperature. The signal intensities and spin-orbit ratios permit
    quantitative assessment of: i) the thermodynamics and ii) the equilibrium vs. non-
    equilibrium nature of the atomic evaporation event, respectively. The temperature
    dependence of the Ga signals permits rigorous extraction of vaporization enthalpies
    (ΔHvap) for such ultralow vapor pressure molten metal systems. In this paper, we
    establish that the system shows non-equilibrium dynamics in the range 700-900C. Further
    investigation is needed for an observation of the dynamics with no oxide film on the
    liquid metal and at a wider temperature range.

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  • 2024-04-16
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  • 2024-04-18
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