In light of growing environmental concerns related to meat production, reducing meat consumption
in the United States, a country with high consumption, is crucial for sustainability. For effective
policy design aimed at reducing meat consumption in the United States, it is important to under-
stand how prices affect consumer demand, known as the price elasticity of meat demand. Modern
elasticity estimates of meat demand, updated from previous studies, as well as the factors that drive
them, are key for policy that will be effective, considering current consumer behavior. This paper
uses BLS household-level Consumer Expenditure (CEX) data to estimate own-price, cross-price,
and income elasticities of meat consumption, as well as demographic effects on own-price elas-
ticities. I use regional and time variation in beef, pork, and poultry prices from 1990-2024, while
controlling for regional differences and time trends, to study own-price, cross-price, and income
elasticities, as well as demographic effects on own-price elasticity. I find that beef and poultry are
inelastic - a change in price leads to a lesser change in demand. Pork is elastic - a change in price
leads to a greater change in demand. Beef and pork may act as substitutes for poultry when poultry
prices are high, but meat types are otherwise viewed more as complements. Furthermore, elastic-
ity has remained relatively constant over the period studied but is more inelastic at higher income
brackets and for households with higher protein diets. This illustrates the importance of demo-
graphics in consumer response to prices; thus, I argue that price policies may be more effective
when combined with efforts to change prior beliefs about meat consumption.